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Overview of the compromised mucosal integrity in celiac disease

Tannaz Taraz1, Mohadeseh Mahmoudi-Ghehsareh2, Nastaran Asri3

  • 1Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Molecular Histology
|January 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Intestinal epithelial polarity proteins maintain barrier integrity. Their damage is linked to celiac disease, suggesting therapeutic targets for intestinal inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Molecular Biology
  • Epithelial Biology and Immunology

Background:

  • The intestinal epithelium forms a critical barrier, regulated by polarity protein complexes (Crumbs, PAR, Scribble).
  • These complexes establish intercellular junctions (tight junctions, adherence junctions, desmosomes) essential for barrier integrity.
  • Disruptions in polarity and barrier function are implicated in inflammatory disorders like celiac disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of polarity proteins and adherence junction complex (AJC) damage in celiac disease (CD) pathogenesis.
  • To summarize current knowledge on how these molecular mechanisms contribute to CD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on intestinal epithelial polarity, AJC, and celiac disease.
  • Synthesis of information regarding the molecular pathways involved.

Main Results:

  • Polarity protein complexes are crucial for maintaining intestinal barrier integrity.
  • Damage to tight junctions and adherence junctions is a key feature of celiac disease.
  • Impaired epithelial barrier function contributes to immune dysregulation and inflammation in CD.

Conclusions:

  • Alterations in polarity proteins and AJC integrity are central to celiac disease pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these mechanisms may reveal novel therapeutic strategies for managing intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction.

Keywords:
Celiac DiseaseCell polarityIntercellular junctionsIntestinal epithelium

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