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Immunoglobulin Gene Sequence Analysis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Patient Material To Sequence Interpretation
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Immunoglobulin Gene Sequence Analysis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Patient Material To Sequence Interpretation

Published on: November 26, 2018

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B Cell Subsets and Immune Checkpoint Expression in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Aviwe Ntsethe1, Zekhethelo Alondwe Mkhwanazi1, Phiwayinkosi Vusi Dludla2,3

  • 1School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|March 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), immune checkpoints programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are elevated on B cells. However, these checkpoint levels did not correlate with beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) in CLL patients.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) involves B cell dysfunction.
  • Immune checkpoints like PD-1 and CTLA-4 are upregulated in CLL and may relate to prognostic markers such as B2M.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate immune checkpoint expression on B cell subsets in CLL patients.
  • To determine the correlation between immune checkpoint levels and B2M in CLL.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-color flow cytometry was used to analyze B cell subsets and immune checkpoint expression.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured basal B2M levels.
  • 21 CLL patients and 12 healthy controls were included.

Main Results:

  • CLL patients exhibited higher levels of activated B cells compared to controls (p < 0.001).
  • Increased expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 was observed on activated and memory B cells in CLL patients (p < 0.05).
  • No significant association was found between B2M levels and immune checkpoint expression on B cell subsets after adjusting for age and sex.

Conclusions:

  • CLL patients show elevated PD-1 and CTLA-4 on activated and memory B cells.
  • B2M levels are not correlated with these immune checkpoint expressions on B cells in the studied CLL cohort.

Keywords:
B cell subsetsbeta-2 microglobulinchronic lymphocytic leukemiacytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4immune checkpointsprogrammed death protein 1

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