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Published on: December 10, 2016
Immune response to colonization of Candida albicans in mice treated with Cefoperazone
Hussein Muttaleb Asfoor1, Atyaf Saied Hamied1
1Department of Biology, College of Education for pure science Ibn-Al Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Insights
This study reveals that Candida albicans infection and cefoperazone treatment alter gut microbiome and host immune responses. Elevated immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), IL-17, and TLR2 levels were observed in serum and gut tissues.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Candida species are common human flora.
- Understanding the immunological role of Candida infection is crucial.
- Antibiotic treatments can impact host-microbe interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the immunological response to Candida albicans infection.
- To assess the impact of cefoperazone treatment on Candida infection.
- To detect changes in immunological markers such as IgA, IgG, IL-17, and TLR2.
Main Methods:
- Experimental infection of mice with Candida albicans.
- Treatment of mice with cefoperazone prior to Candida infection.
- Measurement of serum and intestinal levels of IgA, IgG, IL-17, and TLR2.
Main Results:
- Significant increases in serum and intestinal IgA and IgG were observed in infected mice and those treated with cefoperazone and infected.
- Elevated serum and intestinal levels of IL-17 and TLR2 were detected in mice infected with C. albicans.
- Cefoperazone treatment in conjunction with Candida infection also led to increased IL-17 and TLR2 levels compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Cefoperazone treatment and Candida albicans infection significantly alter gut microbiome composition.
- These alterations lead to changes in host immune responses, evidenced by elevated antibody and immunological marker levels.
- The study highlights the complex interplay between antibiotics, fungal infections, and the host immune system.
Abstract:
Candida species are a normal human flora in humans' digestive and reproductive systems, oral cavity, skin, and mucosal surfaces. This study aimed to detect the immunological role of Candida infection by using some immunological markers. The results of levels in serum showed high concentrations of IgA (56.20 ± 12 pg/ml,29.55 ± 4.5 pg/ml respectively) and IgG (12.05 ± 3.218 pg/ml, 3.836 ± 1.23 pg/ml respectively) in mice infected with C. albicans and mice treated with Cefoperazone and infected with Candida with significant differences (P value < 0.05). The results showed high serum levels of IL-17(191.5 ± 42.81 pg/ml) and TLR2(7.651 ± 1.5 pg/ml) in group mice infected with C. albicans compared with negative control and group mice treated with Cefoperazone. Also, high levels of IL-17 (91.33 ± 4.816 pg/ml) and TLR2 (2.630 ± 0.5 pg/ml) in group mice treated with Cefoperazone and infected with Candida compared with negative control and group mice treated with Cefoperazone (P value < 0.05). The results of antibodies and immunological markers in the intestine showed high levels of IgA and IgG in mice infected with C.albicans (55.7 ± 4.9 pg/ml, 18.19 ± 0.63 pg/ml respectively).Also,IgA and IgG in mice treated with Cefoperazone and infected with Candida were high level (43.04 ± 2.1 pg/ml, 2.927 ± 0.2 pg/ml respectively) in mice infected with C. albicans with significant differences (P value < 0.05). The results levels of IL-17 and TLR2 were increased in mice infected with C. albicans (191.5 ± 42.81 pg/ml, 7.651 ± 1.5 pg/ml respectively) and mice treated with Cefoperazone and infected with Candida (91.33 ± 4.816 pg/ml,2.630 ± 0.5 pg/ml respectively) with significant differences (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that cefoperazone treatment and infection by Candida albicans changed the microbiome components in the gut and finally can change host immune responses. It was observed that elevated levels of the antibodies production (IgA and IgG) and immunological markers (IL-17, and TLR2) in serum and the gut.
