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Histiocytic lesion masquerading as papillary carcinoma thyroid-A case report
Bipin Kumar1, Prerna Chadha1, Tanwi Singh1
1Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Insights
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare cancer of Langerhans cells. This report details an extremely rare case of solitary LCH in the thyroid gland, successfully treated with surgery.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare clonal neoplasm of Langerhans-type cells, characterized by CD1a, langerin, and S100 expression.
- LCH typically affects multiple systems or sites, with solitary LCH commonly involving bones, lymph nodes, skin, and lungs.
Observation:
- Solitary LCH of the thyroid is exceptionally rare, presenting a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and pathologists.
- A case of solitary LCH in the thyroid of a young male patient is presented.
Findings:
- Histopathology and ancillary tests are crucial for diagnosing LCH.
- The patient with solitary thyroid LCH remained disease-free for 2 years post-surgical resection.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and surgical management of solitary thyroid LCH can lead to favorable outcomes.
- This case highlights the importance of considering rare diagnoses in thyroid pathology.
Abstract:
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare clonal neoplasm derived from Langerhans-type cells that express CD 1a, langerin, and S 100 on immunohistochemistry. LCH usually involves multiple sites and multiple systems or multiple sites in a single system. Solitary LCH commonly involves the bones (especially the skull), lymph nodes, skin, and lungs. Solitary LCH of the thyroid is an extremely rare disease with a few reported cases in the indexed literature and poses a diagnostic dilemma for both the clinician and pathologist. Histopathology along with ancillary tests forms the gold standard for diagnosis. Surgical resection alone offers a good prognosis once multisystemic involvement has been ruled out. Herein is reported one such case of solitary LCH in a young male patient who remains disease-free after 2 years of follow-up.
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