Assessment of feline peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and CD18 expression pattern by flow cytometry

Patricia Lindiman1, Rosina Sánchez Solé1, Paula Pessina1,2

  • 1Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Departamento de Clínicas y Hospital Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 13000, Uruguay.

Insights

This study quantifies feline lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy cats using flow cytometry. Findings reveal distinct CD18 expression patterns, crucial for diagnosing feline hematopoietic diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Feline Hematology
  • Immunophenotyping

Background:

  • Flow cytometry is vital for diagnosing hematopoietic malignancies but limited in feline medicine due to antibody scarcity.
  • Current feline studies primarily analyze lymph node lymphocytes, with less focus on bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of peripheral blood for feline lymphocyte subpopulation quantification via flow cytometry.
  • To establish baseline immunophenotypic data in healthy cats for future disease studies.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood samples from 15 healthy cats were analyzed using flow cytometry with specific antibody panels.
  • Quantification of lymphocyte subpopulations, including T cells (CD5+, CD4+, CD8+) and B cells (CD21+).
  • Analysis of CD18 expression patterns on lymphocytes.

Main Results:

  • Total leukocytes (CD18+) comprised a median of 89.7% of peripheral blood cells.
  • CD5+ T cells were the predominant lymphocyte subset, followed by CD21+ B cells.
  • CD4+ helper T cells outnumbered CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and a biphasic CD18 expression pattern was observed in lymphocytes.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first report of a biphasic CD18 expression pattern in feline peripheral blood lymphocytes.
  • Established baseline immunophenotypic profiles are essential for advancing feline immunological research and diagnostics.
  • These findings support broader flow cytometry application in feline medicine for improved disease diagnosis and monitoring.