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Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats
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Iobitridol, a new nonionic low-osmolality contrast agent, and iohexol. Impact on renal histology in the rat

H Beaufils1, J M Idée, C Berthommier

  • 1Inserm U 423, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.

Investigative Radiology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Iobitridol caused less kidney cell damage than iohexol in rats, despite similar functional and biochemical effects. This study compared the histologic effects of two nonionic contrast media on rat tubular cells.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Nonionic contrast media are widely used in medical imaging.
  • Assessing the potential renal toxicity of contrast agents is crucial for patient safety.
  • Iohexol and iobitridol are low-osmolar, nonionic contrast media with similar physicochemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the histologic effects of iohexol and iobitridol on rat tubular cells.
  • To evaluate and compare the renal functional and biochemical profiles of these two contrast agents.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent uninephrectomy and received either iohexol, iobitridol, or saline.
  • Kidneys were analyzed histologically, and functional parameters (creatinine clearance) and biochemical markers (proteinuria, enzymuria) were assessed.
  • Contrast media were injected into the renal artery during temporary aortic clamping.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in creatinine clearance, proteinuria, or enzymuria between iohexol and iobitridol.
  • Histologic analysis revealed significantly less epithelial cell vacuolization in proximal tubules with iobitridol compared to iohexol.
  • Iobitridol also induced fewer glomerular capillary congestion lesions than iohexol.

Conclusions:

  • Iobitridol demonstrated a better renal safety profile than iohexol in this rat model.
  • Despite similar functional and biochemical outcomes, iobitridol caused less histologic damage to renal tubular cells and vasculature.
  • Further investigation may be needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these observed histologic differences.
Abstract

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