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An Ex Vivo Chicken Primary Bursal-cell Culture Model to Study Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Pathogenesis
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Published on: October 4, 2018

Apoptosis induced by infectious bursal disease virus

A C Vasconcelos1, K M Lam

  • 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.

The Journal of General Virology
|July 1, 1994
PubMed

Insights

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) induces programmed cell death (apoptosis) in chicken lymphocytes. This programmed cell death is characterized by specific cellular changes and DNA fragmentation, indicating a dual mechanism of cell death.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a significant pathogen affecting poultry worldwide.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of viral pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of IBDV infection on chicken peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in vitro.
  • To determine if IBDV induces apoptosis (programmed cell death) in avian lymphocytes.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro infection of chicken PBLs with IBDV.
  • Analysis of DNA fragmentation using agarose gel electrophoresis.
  • Assessment of apoptotic and necrotic indices via acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining.
  • Morphological examination using electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • IBDV-infected PBLs exhibited morphological and biochemical signs of apoptosis.
  • Intense DNA laddering was observed in IBDV-infected lymphocytes.
  • Apoptotic and necrotic indices were significantly higher in infected PBLs compared to controls.
  • Electron microscopy revealed characteristic apoptotic features, including chromatin condensation and cell fragmentation.

Conclusions:

  • IBDV infection induces apoptosis in chicken lymphocytes in vitro.
  • The virus can cause both necrosis and programmed cell death in avian lymphocytes.
  • These findings contribute to understanding IBDV-induced immunosuppression.

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