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Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on the hepatocyte membrane of patients with chronic hepatitis B and C

N Horiike1, M Onji, I Kumon

  • 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Japan.

Liver
|February 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on liver cells correlates with liver damage severity in chronic hepatitis B and C. ICAM-1 may be involved in T-cell-mediated liver injury.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and C (CHC) are significant causes of liver disease.
  • Hepatocellular injury in CHB and CHC involves immune responses.
  • The role of cell adhesion molecules in hepatitis pathogenesis requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on hepatocytes in patients with CHB and CHC.
  • To determine the relationship between ICAM-1 expression and liver damage, viral markers, and immune cell infiltration.

Main Methods:

  • Immunostaining of liver biopsies from 27 patients with CHB/CHC using a monoclonal antibody against ICAM-1.
  • Assessment of ICAM-1 expression patterns and correlation with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, histological grade, and presence of cytotoxic T cells (CD8+, CD11b-).
  • Evaluation of ICAM-1 expression changes after interferon-alpha therapy in a subset of CHB patients.

Main Results:

  • ICAM-1 was focally expressed in a honeycomb pattern on hepatocytes in 26/27 patients.
  • ICAM-1 expression correlated significantly with ALT levels and histological liver damage grade.
  • Abundant cytotoxic T cells were found in ICAM-1-positive areas, with co-localization in zones of focal necrosis.
  • ICAM-1 expression decreased in some CHB patients after interferon-alpha therapy.
  • No correlation was found between ICAM-1 expression and viral replication markers (DNA polymerase, HBcAg).

Conclusions:

  • Hepatocyte ICAM-1 expression is a common feature in CHB and CHC.
  • ICAM-1 expression is linked to the severity of liver damage and T-cell infiltration.
  • ICAM-1 may play a crucial role in mediating hepatocellular injury through cytotoxic T cells in chronic viral hepatitis.

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