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Elevated levels of soluble CD54 (ICAM-1) in human immunodeficiency virus infection

M M Reddy1, M H Grieco

  • 1R.A. Cooke Institute of Allergy, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York 10019.

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|January 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

Soluble CD54 levels are elevated in individuals with HIV and other infections. This biomarker may indicate viral infections in both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Soluble CD54 (sCD54) is a cell adhesion molecule involved in immune responses.
  • Elevated sCD54 levels have been observed in various inflammatory and infectious conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sCD54 levels in different human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection statuses.
  • To determine the association between sCD54 levels and specific viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of sCD54 levels in serum samples.
  • Analysis of patient cohorts including asymptomatic intravenous drug users, homosexual individuals, and patients with lymphadenopathy, AIDS-related complex, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Main Results:

  • Elevated sCD54 levels were found in HIV-seronegative asymptomatic intravenous drug users, correlating with infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV).
  • HIV-seropositive patient groups also exhibited elevated sCD54 levels, associated with infections including CMV and HIV itself.

Conclusions:

  • Soluble CD54 serves as a potential biomarker for viral infections in both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative individuals.
  • sCD54 elevation reflects underlying infectious processes, including common viral co-infections in the context of HIV.

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