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[The immunological phenotype and proliferative activity of the tumor lymphocytes in multiple myeloma]
Insights
In multiple myeloma patients, CD19 and CD38 antigens mark circulating tumor cells. Their counts correlate with disease recurrence, indicating shared tumor cell origins.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells.
- Understanding the immunological phenotype and proliferative activity of tumor cells is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
- Circulating tumor cells can provide insights into disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify markers for circulating tumor lymphocytes in multiple myeloma.
- To investigate the correlation between lymphocyte phenotypes, tumor cell proliferation, and disease recurrence.
- To determine if blood and bone marrow lymphocytes belong to the same tumor clone.
Main Methods:
- Studied 84 multiple myeloma patients.
- Utilized monoclonal antibodies for lymphocyte differential antigen analysis.
- Employed tracer 3H-thymidine to assess proliferative activity of tumor cells.
Main Results:
- Identified CD19 and CD38 antigens as markers for circulating tumor lymphocytes.
- Observed a correlation between CD38+ and CD71+ lymphocyte counts and marrow plasmocyte counts, including 3H-thymidine uptake during disease recurrence.
- Found identical proliferative parameters in blood lymphocytes, plasmocytes, and bone marrow lymphocytes.
Conclusions:
- CD19 and CD38 serve as key markers for circulating tumor lymphocytes in multiple myeloma.
- Lymphocyte counts and proliferative activity are linked to multiple myeloma recurrence.
- Blood and bone marrow lymphocytes in multiple myeloma patients originate from a single tumor clone.
Abstract:
An immunological phenotype of blood lymphocytes and proliferative activity of tumor cells were studied using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to lymphocyte differential antigens and tracer 3H-thymidine, respectively, in 84 patients with multiple myeloma. CD-19 and CD38 antigens were identified as markers for circulating tumor lymphocytes. The count of CD38+ and CD71+lymphocytes correlated with the count of marrow plasmocytes including 3H-thymidine in the disease recurrence. Proliferative parameters of blood lymphocytes, plasmocytes and lymphocytes of the bone marrow were identical being, consequently, elements of the same tumor clone.