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Updated: Aug 8, 2026
Clonogenic Assay: Adherent Cells
Published on: March 13, 2011
Monitoring clonal expansion in the laboratory
Insights
Diagnosing cell population clonality now uses sensitive immunochemical and immunophenotypic methods. These techniques, including immunofixation electrophoresis and multiparametric cytofluorimetry, are crucial for clinical applications.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Clonal origin of B or T cell populations is definitively shown by B or T cell receptor gene rearrangement.
- Recent advancements offer sensitive, user-friendly initial diagnostic steps for clonality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review widely used techniques for diagnosing cell population clonality.
- To emphasize clinical applications of specific diagnostic procedures.
Main Methods:
- Immunochemical analysis of serum and urine for monoclonal immunoglobulins.
- Immunophenotypic studies of peripheral blood or tissue cells.
- Review of immunofixation electrophoresis and multiparametric cytofluorimetric procedures.
Main Results:
- Sensitive immunochemical and immunophenotypic methods serve as initial diagnostic steps for clonality.
- Immunofixation electrophoresis and multiparametric cytofluorimetry are key clinical tools.
Conclusions:
- Modern immunochemical and immunophenotypic techniques provide accessible initial assessments of clonality.
- Immunofixation electrophoresis and multiparametric cytofluorimetry are essential for clinical diagnosis of clonal cell populations.
Abstract:
The definitive demonstration of the clonal origin of an expanded B or T cell population is achieved by the molecular analysis of B or T cell receptor gene rearrangement. However, in recent years techniques that are both sensitive and relatively easy to carry out have been introduced as the first step to the diagnosis of clonality. These include immunochemical analysis of serum and urine to characterize their monoclonal immunoglobulin components, and immunophenotypic studies of peripheral blood or tissue cells. The most widely used techniques are reviewed here, with particular emphasis on the clinical applications of immunofixation electrophoresis and multiparametric cytofluorimetric procedures.
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