Characterization of whole-cell currents in mucosal and connective tissue rat mast cells using

P B Hill1, R J Martin, H R Miller

  • 1Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh, EH9 1QH, Scotland, UK.

Insights

Rat mast cells possess both inwardly rectifying potassium (IRK) and outwardly rectifying chloride (ORCl) currents. This study reveals the presence of ORCl currents in mast cells, challenging previous assumptions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Physiology
  • Ion Channel Biology

Background:

  • Mast cells are crucial immune cells involved in allergic responses.
  • Mucosal mast cells were previously thought to exhibit only inwardly rectifying potassium (IRK) currents at rest.
  • The presence and function of other ion currents in resting mast cells remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of ion currents in rat mast cells.
  • To challenge the existing paradigm regarding ion channel activity in resting mast cells.
  • To identify the ion selectivity and blockers of observed currents.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from rat-bone-marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) and rat peritoneal mast cells.
  • Utilized amphotericin B perforated-patch and conventional whole-cell configurations.
  • Manipulated extracellular ion concentrations (K+, Cl-) and employed specific channel blockers (DIDS).

Main Results:

  • Both inwardly rectifying (IR) K+ currents and outwardly rectifying (OR) currents were observed in BMMCs.
  • The OR current demonstrated chloride (Cl-) conductance, identified as an outwardly rectifying chloride (ORCl) current, and was blocked by DIDS.
  • ORCl currents were more readily detected under conditions preserving cytoplasmic integrity and at elevated temperatures, and were also found in peritoneal mast cells.

Conclusions:

  • Rat mast cells possess both IRK and ORCl currents in the resting state.
  • The ORCl current represents a significant ion transport mechanism in mast cells, previously overlooked.
  • Factors such as temperature and recording technique influence the detection of ORCl currents, suggesting a role in mast cell activation and function.