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Circulating immune complexes and renal function in canine leishmaniasis
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary of Córdoba, Spain.
Insights
Dogs infected with leishmania show significantly higher levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC). High CIC concentrations in infected dogs may indicate renal function impairment, suggesting a link between CIC and kidney damage in canine leishmaniasis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Immunology
- Canine Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Canine leishmaniasis is a significant parasitic disease.
- Circulating immune complexes (CIC) are implicated in various immune-mediated diseases.
- Assessing CIC levels can provide insights into disease pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify IgG CIC levels in dogs with leishmania infection.
- To compare CIC concentrations between infected and healthy dogs.
- To investigate the relationship between CIC levels and renal function in infected dogs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a third component of complement (C3) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
- Measured IgG CIC concentrations in 91 leishmania-infected dogs and 24 healthy controls.
- Analyzed CIC levels in relation to hypercreatininemia (elevated creatinine).
Main Results:
- Leishmania-infected dogs exhibited significantly higher mean CIC concentrations (228.7%) compared to healthy controls (74.5%).
- Elevated CIC levels were detected in 57.1% of infected dogs.
- Infected dogs with hypercreatininemia showed significantly higher CIC levels than those with normal creatinine.
Conclusions:
- Elevated serum IgG CIC concentrations are a hallmark of canine leishmaniasis.
- Hypercreatininemia in infected dogs is strongly associated with high CIC levels, suggesting renal impairment.
- CIC measurement may serve as a valuable indicator for assessing kidney function in canine leishmaniasis.
Abstract:
A third component of complement (C3) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the concentration of IgG circulating immune complexes (CIC) in 91 dogs with naturally acquired leishmania infection and in a control group of 24 healthy dogs. Results were expressed as a percentage of a reference standard. Mean concentrations of CIC were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in leishmania-infected dogs (228.725 +/- 14.283%) than in controls (74.542 +/- 12.614%). An increase in CIC concentration was found in 57.1% of the leishmania-infected dogs. No significant differences could be recorded in CIC levels between males and females in either group. Infected dogs showing hypercreatininemia rendered a statistically significant (P < 0.030) higher serum CIC concentration than sick dogs with normal creatininemia. When hypercreatininemia (> or = 1.30 mg/dl) was used as an indicator for CIC increase, the positive predictive value obtained was 0.9 indicating that renal function impairment was associated with high serum CIC concentration in 90% of the infected dogs.