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[Future prospects of emergency laboratory tests--problems of immunoserologic tests]
1Department of Clinical Pathology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama.
Insights
This study examines risks from needle stick injuries and the importance of emergency C-reactive protein (CRP) testing. Highly sensitive methods establish CRP reference values in various body fluids for urgent diagnostics.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Chemistry
- Infectious Diseases
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Urgent immunoserologic tests face challenges, particularly concerning infectious disease transmission via needle stick injuries.
- C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement is crucial in emergency settings for diagnosing various conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the risks and infectious disease correspondence of needle stick injuries.
- To highlight the significance of emergency CRP measurement in diverse body fluids using sensitive methods.
Main Methods:
- Review of infectious diseases associated with needle stick injuries (hepatitis, AIDS, etc.).
- Application of highly sensitive determination methods for CRP measurement.
- Analysis of CRP concentrations in serum, cord blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and puncture fluid.
Main Results:
- Established reference values for CRP concentrations in various body fluids.
- Serum CRP: 15-3,063 ng/ml (male: 26-3,992 ng/ml, female: 11-1,672 ng/ml).
- Cord blood: 9-73 ng/ml; Cerebrospinal fluid: 2-10 ng/ml; Urine: <2 ng/ml.
Conclusions:
- Understanding needle stick injury risks is vital for healthcare professionals.
- Sensitive CRP measurement in multiple body fluids aids emergency diagnostics.
- Established reference values provide a baseline for interpreting CRP levels in critical care.
Abstract:
Regarding problems in emergency and urgent immunoserologic tests, I mainly focused on infectious diseases and CPR and discussed the correspondence of dangerous needle stick injuries, and the significance of emergency CRP measurement in various body fluids using highly sensitive determination methods. The actual conditions and correspondence of infections due to dangerous needle stick injuries (accidental pricking with used needles) such as hepatitis, syphilis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), herpes simplex, falciparum malaria, tuberculosis, Rocky mountain spotted fever, and human colonic adenocarcinoma are discussed. With regard to emergency CRP measurement, application of highly sensitive determination methods and the significance of CRP measurement of various body fluids (healthy adult blood, cord blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and puncture fluid) are described. The reference values for CRP concentrations in various body fluids were established at 15 to 3,063 ng/ml for serum (male; 26 to 3.992 ng/ml, female; 11 to 1,672 ng/ml), 9 to 73 ng/ml for cord blood, 2 to 10 ng/ml for cerebrospinal fluid and less than 2 ng/ml for urine.