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Spectrum of morphologic changes of lymph nodes in HIV infection

D D Paiva1, J C Morais, J Pilotto

  • 1Departamento de Patologia e Laboratórios, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
|May 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

HIV-associated changes in cervical lymph nodes reveal disease progression. Lymph node biopsies can indicate the stage and prognosis of HIV/AIDS, showing alterations in cellular and matrix components.

Area of Science:

  • Immunopathology
  • Histology
  • HIV/AIDS Research

Background:

  • Cervical lymph node biopsies from 31 HIV-positive patients were analyzed.
  • Patients included those with and without AIDS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify cellular and extracellular matrix components in HIV-infected lymph nodes.
  • To correlate lymph node histology with HIV/AIDS disease stage and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic examination of lymph node biopsies.
  • Immunohistochemistry (StreptABC staining) for cellular and matrix components.
  • Classification of lymph node patterns: follicular hyperplasia (FH-FF, FH+FF), follicular involution (FI), and diffuse pattern (DP).

Main Results:

  • Follicular hyperplasia was common in non-AIDS patients; involution and diffuse patterns were seen in AIDS patients.
  • Germinal center disruption (follicle lysis) was a key alteration.
  • Increased mast cells and macrophages (CD68+, Mac 387+), augmented collagen III, elastic fibers, and proteoglycans were observed during disease progression.
  • Coincidence of intrafollicular hemorrhages and microangiopathy.

Conclusions:

  • Lymph node histology reflects the stage of HIV/AIDS.
  • Biopsy findings offer prognostic information for HIV-infected individuals.
  • Distinct cellular and matrix changes characterize disease progression.

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