Biclonal B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia with inv(14)(q11q32)

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Cytogenetics

Background:

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a mature B-cell neoplasm.
• Cytogenetic abnormalities are common in CLL and impact prognosis.
• Cytogenetic biclonality, defined by two distinct karyotypically aberrant cell populations, is infrequently reported in CLL.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of cytogenetic biclonality in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
• To describe the immunophenotypic and cytogenetic findings in a patient with dual clonal populations.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on morphology and immunophenotype (CD5+, CD19+, CD23+).
• Karyotypic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes.
• Identification of distinct cytogenetic clones.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with typical B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
• Karyotypic analysis revealed two distinct, unrelated cytogenetic clones in the leukemic cells.
• One of the identified clones harbored an inversion of chromosome 14, specifically inv(14).

Conclusions:

• Cytogenetic biclonality can occur in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, albeit rarely.
• The presence of multiple clones may have implications for disease behavior and treatment.
• Further investigation is warranted to understand the clinical significance of biclonality in CLL.