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Activated naive and memory CD4+ and CD8+ subsets in different stages of HIV infection

L Ginaldi1, M De Martinis, A D'Ostilio

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of L'Aquila, Italy.

Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed

Insights

HIV infection alters immune cell phenotypes, with elevated HLA-DR and decreased CD45RA indicating immune activation and disease progression. These markers may help stage HIV infection and understand immune response changes.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection profoundly impacts the immune system.
  • Understanding immune cell activation and functional states is crucial for monitoring HIV progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in lymphoid phenotypes indicative of immune activation during HIV infection.
  • To correlate these phenotypic changes with different stages of HIV disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze blood samples from 59 HIV-1-positive patients and 18 healthy controls.
  • Expression of HLA-DR, CD29, and CD45RA on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes was quantified.
  • Patients were categorized into four stages of HIV infection.

Main Results:

  • Elevated HLA-DR expression was observed on total lymphocytes and T cell subsets (CD4+ and CD8+).
  • A decrease in CD45RA and stable CD29 expression correlated with HIV progression.
  • Increased CD8+HLA-DR+ and CD8+CD45RA+ subsets were noted, suggesting immature and activated CD8+ cells.

Conclusions:

  • HLA-DR, CD29, and CD45RA are promising indicators for staging HIV disease and correlating with infection progression.
  • Phenotypic alterations reflect changes in the immune response to HIV.
  • Specific immune patterns associated with different HIV stages can be defined using these markers.

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