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cDNA cloning of human DEC-205, a putative antigen-uptake receptor on dendritic cells

M Kato1, T K Neil, G J Clark

  • 1Hematology/Immunology/Transfusion Medicine Research Group, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.

Immunogenetics
|June 20, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified the full coding region of human DEC-205 cDNA, a key antigen uptake receptor on dendritic cells (DC). This protein is crucial for initiating immune responses and its expression increases upon DC activation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DC) are vital antigen-presenting cells initiating immune responses.
  • DEC-205 is a putative antigen-uptake receptor abundant on mouse dendritic cells.
  • Human DEC-205 shares structural similarities with the macrophage mannose receptor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To obtain and characterize the full coding region of human DEC-205 cDNA.
  • To analyze the structure and chromosomal location of human DEC-205.
  • To investigate the expression pattern of DEC-205 in human cells and dendritic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cDNA library screening.
  • Analysis of predicted protein structure and sequence identity with mouse DEC-205.
  • Somatic cell hybrid panel analysis and fluorescent in situ hybridization for gene mapping.
  • Northern blot and RT-PCR analysis for transcript detection and quantification.

Main Results:

  • The full coding region of human DEC-205 cDNA was obtained from the L428 cell line.
  • Human DEC-205 is a type I transmembrane protein with conserved domains and 77% identity to mouse DEC-205.
  • The DEC-205 gene (LY75) was mapped to chromosome 2q24.
  • DEC-205 transcripts were detected in myeloid, B lymphoid, and Hodgkin's disease cell lines, with significantly increased levels in differentiated/activated dendritic cells.

Conclusions:

  • Human DEC-205 is a highly conserved protein structurally similar to its mouse counterpart.
  • DEC-205 expression is regulated during dendritic cell differentiation and activation.
  • The characterization of human DEC-205 provides insights into antigen presentation and immune response initiation.

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