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Cellular immune responses of cattle to Cowdria ruminantium

D M Mwangi1, D J McKeever, S M Mahan

  • 1International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.

Developments in Biological Standardization
|April 29, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cattle vaccinated against Cowdria ruminantium (Heartwater) responded to infected endothelial cells and monocytes. These cells likely present Cowdria antigens, influencing the immune response to this pathogen.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Pathogen-Host Interactions
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cowdria ruminantium causes Heartwater, a significant disease in cattle.
  • Understanding the immune response to C. ruminantium is crucial for vaccine development.
  • Cellular mechanisms of antigen presentation during C. ruminantium infection are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) in responding to Cowdria ruminantium antigens.
  • To determine if infected endothelial cells and monocytes can present C. ruminantium antigens to PBM.
  • To identify specific C. ruminantium antigens that elicit a proliferative response in PBM.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) were isolated from cattle immunized against C. ruminantium.
  • PBM were cultured in vitro with either infected autologous endothelial cells or monocytes.
  • Cells were also cultured with a soluble C. ruminantium extract or recombinant antigens (MAP1, MAP2).
  • Cell proliferation was measured as an indicator of immune response.

Main Results:

  • PBM proliferated when cultured with infected autologous endothelial cells and monocytes.
  • No proliferation was observed when PBM were cultured with a soluble C. ruminantium extract.
  • PBM showed significant proliferation in response to two recombinant C. ruminantium antigens (32 kDa - MAP1, and 21 kDa - MAP2).

Conclusions:

  • Infected endothelial cells and monocytes are capable of presenting Cowdria antigens to bovine lymphocytes.
  • These antigen-presenting cells likely play a role in the pathogenesis and immune response to C. ruminantium infection.
  • Specific recombinant antigens (MAP1 and MAP2) can elicit a T cell-mediated proliferative response, suggesting their potential use in diagnostics or vaccines.

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