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Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), leucocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and leucocyte
M Wagrowska-Danilewicz1, M Danilewicz
1Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lódź, Poland.
Insights
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and Leucocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1) are upregulated in IgA nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. These adhesion molecules correlate with immune cell infiltration, indicating their role in proliferative glomerulopathies.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Glomerulonephritis involves immune cell infiltration and inflammation in the kidneys.
- Adhesion molecules play a critical role in leukocyte trafficking and immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesProGN).
- To determine the correlation between these adhesion molecules and immune cell infiltration in renal biopsies.
Main Methods:
- Indirect immunoperoxidase staining was used on renal biopsy specimens.
- Expression of ICAM-1, LFA-1, CD45RB, CD45RO, and CD68 was analyzed.
- Histologically normal kidney tissue served as controls.
Main Results:
- ICAM-1 expression was observed in mesangium, endothelial cells, interstitial cells, infiltrating immune cells, and tubular epithelial cells in both MesProGN and IgAN.
- A significant increase in glomerular and interstitial LFA-1-positive cells correlated positively with ICAM-1 expression.
- LFA-1-positive cells also correlated positively with monocyte/macrophage counts.
Conclusions:
- ICAM-1 and LFA-1 are upregulated in IgAN and MesProGN.
- The strong correlation between ICAM-1, LFA-1, and immune cells suggests their involvement in leukocyte recruitment.
- These adhesion molecules serve as useful markers for disease activity in proliferative glomerulopathies.
Abstract:
The expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), infiltrating cells positive for its ligand leucocyte adhesion molecule-1(LFA-1), and the markers of total leucocytes (CD45RB), T cells (CD45RO), and monocytes/macrophages (CD68) were examined by an indirect immunoperoxidase method on renal biopsy specimens from 20 patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis-IgA negative (MesProGN) and 20 with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Histologically, normal portions of the kidney tissue (n = 15) obtained from patients with renal trauma or renal tumours were used as controls. The expression of ICAM-1 was evident and extended in mesangium, on endothelial cells of peritubular capillaries, interstitial cells, several infiltrating immune cells and on tubular epithelial cells, particularly on atrophic tubuli in renal biopsies of MesProGN and IgAN. In both types of glomerulopathies a significant increase in the number of glomerular and interstitial LFA-1-positive cells correlated positively with the expression of ICAM-1. The number of glomerular and interstitial LFA-1-positive cells correlated positively with the number of monocytes/macrophages in glomeruli and interstitium. The strong correlation between expression of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 and between LFA-1-positive cells and immune cells makes these adhesion molecules useful markers of activity and suggest that they are involved in recruitment of leucocytes in the studied types of proliferative glomerulopathies.