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Costimulatory CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) on cerebrospinal fluid cells in multiple sclerosis
F Sellebjerg1, J Jensen, L P Ryder
1Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark.
Insights
In multiple sclerosis (MS), increased CD80 on cerebrospinal fluid B cells may drive disease. Conversely, T cell CD86 expression in CSF might offer protection against MS.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.
- Costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 play critical roles in T cell activation and immune regulation.
- Understanding the expression patterns of CD80 and CD86 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may provide insights into MS pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression levels of costimulatory CD80 and CD86 molecules on lymphocytes in the CSF and blood of patients with early or definite multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to controls.
- To determine if the expression patterns of CD80 and CD86 correlate with intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis in MS patients.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to quantify CD80 and CD86 expression on CSF and blood lymphocytes.
- Patients included those with possible first attacks of MS (n=25), clinically definite MS (n=16), and noninflammatory neurological disease controls (n=30).
- Analysis included assessment of correlation with intrathecal IgG synthesis.
Main Results:
- Patients with demyelinating diseases showed higher CD80 expression on CSF B cells compared to controls.
- CSF T cell expression of CD86 was low in demyelinating disease patients and highly variable in controls.
- In early MS, CD80/CD86 expression patterns differed significantly based on the presence or absence of intrathecal IgG synthesis.
Conclusions:
- Elevated CD80 expression on CSF B cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
- CD86 expression on CSF T cells might be associated with a protective effect against MS development or progression.
Abstract:
The costimulatory CD80 and CD86 molecules were measured by flow cytometry on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood lymphocytes from patients with possible first attacks of multiple sclerosis (MS, n = 25), clinically definite MS (n = 16), and noninflammatory neurological disease control subjects (n = 30). In patients with demyelinating diseases more CSF B cells expressed CD80 than in control subjects whereas the expression of CD86 by T cells in CSF was low in patients with demyelinating disease and highly variable in the control subjects. In patients with possible first attacks of MS the expression pattern of CD80 and CD86 differed significantly between patients with or without intrathecal synthesis of IgG. Increased expression of the CD80 molecule on CSF B cells may be of importance in the pathogenesis of MS. In contrast, CSF T cell expression of CD86 may be associated with protection from MS.
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