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Development and applications of a bovine coronavirus antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

S L Schoenthaler1, S Kapil

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Medicine-Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5606, USA.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
|January 5, 1999
PubMed

Insights

A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) accurately detects bovine coronavirus. This sensitive and specific test correlates well with existing methods, offering a reliable diagnostic tool for this animal pathogen.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunodiagnostics

Background:

  • Bovine coronavirus (BCV) is an important enteric pathogen in cattle.
  • Accurate and sensitive diagnostic methods are crucial for controlling BCV outbreaks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of bovine coronavirus.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture sandwich ELISA.
  • Comparison of ELISA results with electron microscopy and hemagglutination test.
  • Determination of ELISA sensitivity and specificity using known concentrations of BCV.

Main Results:

  • The developed ELISA showed a close correlation with electron microscopy and hemagglutination test.
  • The ELISA sensitivity was determined to be 10^4 BCV particles/mL in a 10% fecal suspension.
  • The specificity of the bovine coronavirus ELISA, when compared to electron microscopy, was 96%.

Conclusions:

  • The monoclonal antibody-based ELISA is a sensitive and specific method for detecting bovine coronavirus.
  • This ELISA provides a reliable diagnostic tool for bovine coronavirus, comparable to established methods.

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