Estructura cryo-EM del receptor de las células B IgM humanas

Qiang Su1,2, Mengying Chen3, Yan Shi1,2,4

  • 1Research Center for Industries of the Future, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Los investigadores revelan la estructura de reposo del receptor de células B (BCR), específicamente la inmunoglobulina M (IgM) -BCR. Esta visión estructural de la organización de BCR puede ayudar en el desarrollo de nuevas terapias basadas en anticuerpos.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Inmunología
  • Biología estructural
  • La bioquímica

Sus antecedentes:

  • El receptor de células B (BCR) es crucial para iniciar respuestas inmunes adaptativas a través del reconocimiento de antígenos.
  • Comprender la estructura de BCR es clave para descifrar las vías de señalización inmune.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Determinar la estructura de la inmunoglobulina humana M (IgM) -BCR en su estado de reposo mediante criomicroscopía de alta resolución.
  • Aclarar los principios organizativos que rigen el montaje y la función del BCR.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó la criomicroscopia electrónica (crio-EM) para obtener una estructura de 3,3 angstroms de la IgM-BCR humana en reposo.
  • El análisis estructural detallado se centró en las interacciones entre las cadenas pesadas, las cadenas ligeras y los componentes de señalización Igα / Igβ.

Principales resultados:

  • La estructura revela IgM-BCR compuesto por dos cadenas pesadas, dos cadenas ligeras y el heterodímero Igα/Igβ.
  • Se identificaron interacciones específicas entre los ectodominos de cadena pesada y el heterodímero Igα/ Igβ, incluida una interacción única en la región de la juxtamembrana.
  • Se observó una estructura de haz de cuatro hélices conservada en los dominios transmembranales a través de los isotipos de BCR.
  • La estructura destaca 14 sitios de glucosilación y tres posibles sitios de unión superficial en el ectodominio IgM-BCR.

Conclusiones:

  • La estructura determinada proporciona una visión sin precedentes de la organización del estado de reposo de IgM-BCR.
  • Estos hallazgos iluminan la base molecular de la función de BCR y pueden guiar el desarrollo de nuevas terapias basadas en anticuerpos.
Abstracto

No abstract available in PubMed .

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
61.1K
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
3.6K
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
3.5K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
754
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
3.4K
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
2.9K