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腫瘍細胞における免疫原性細胞死の評価のためのカルレチキュリンをその場で検出する電気化学的バイオセンサー

Zhenguo Zhang¹, Dongfang Ren¹, Shushen Li¹

¹Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.

Analytical chemistry

|January 23, 2026

Insights

研究者らは、カルレチキュリン（CRT）の変化を検出するためにeZIF-8@MBおよびrGO-MWCNTを使用した電気化学的バイオセンサーを開発し、がん治療評価のための免疫原性細胞死（ICD）段階の精密分析を可能にした。

科学分野:

生物医学工学
ナノテクノロジー
がん研究

背景:

免疫原性細胞死（ICD）を誘導する免疫療法は、がん治療として有望視されている。
ICD進行の検出は、治療効果の評価にとって重要である。
ICD段階を分析するための現在の方法は限られている。

研究の目的:

免疫原性細胞死（ICD）中のカルレチキュリン（CRT）の変化を検出するための新規電気化学的バイオセンサーを開発すること。
細胞および生体内モデルにおけるICDの異なる段階を分析すること。
ICDベースのがん治療を評価するためのツールを提供すること。

主な方法:

多孔質エッチングゼオライトイミダゾレートフレームワーク-8（eZIF-8@MB）および還元グラフェン酸化物-多層カーボンナノチューブ（rGO-MWCNT）ナノコンポジットの作製。
細胞表面CRTを検出するための電気化学的バイオセンサーの開発。
ICD細胞およびマウスモデルの確立と確認。
ナノコンポジットの形態および性能の特性評価。
CRT検出のための差動パルスボルタンメトリー。

主要な成果:

eZIF-8@MB/rGO-MWCNTナノコンポジットは優れた性能を示した。
バイオセンサーは、CRTの迅速、高感度、安定した検出を実証した。
CRT検出において、10^2から10^6細胞/mLの範囲で直線関係が観察された。
バイオセンサーは、ICDのマウスモデルにおいて、異なるCRT段階を首尾よく検出した。

結論:

開発された電気化学的バイオセンサーは、ICD進行の精密分析を可能にする。
この技術は、ICDベースの癌免疫療法を評価するための新しいツールを提供する。
本研究は、ICDを標的とする医薬品のスクリーニングを促進する。

Read full analysis

Abstract:

Immunotherapies centered on inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) hold promise for overcoming the limitations of current conventional cancer treatments and enable the maximal eradication of residual tumor cells within patients. In this study, by using the unique performance of a porous etched zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 incorporating a methylene blue (eZIF-8@MB) probe and a reduced graphene oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotube (rGO-MWCNT) nanocomposite, we established an electrochemical biosensor that can specifically detect the changes of calreticulin (CRT) on living cells and analyze different stages of ICD. The ICD cellular model was established and confirmed via various conventional techniques. The morphology and performance of the nanocomposite were thoroughly characterized. Differential pulse voltammetry revealed the rapid, sensitive, and stable responses of CRT with a good linear relationship within the cell concentration range of 10² to 10⁶ cells mL^-1. We successfully constructed the ICD mouse model and applied the biosensor to detect differential CRT stages across cancer tissues. This study facilitates the applications of electrochemical sensing techniques in the precise analysis of the progress of ICD, thereby offering a novel method and tool for evaluating ICD-based cancer therapies and screening related pharmaceutical agents.

キーワード:

電気化学的バイオセンサー免疫原性細胞死カルレチキュリンがん治療薬物スクリーニング

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