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Peróxido de hidrógeno en la superficie de Europa
R W Carlson1, M S Anderson, R E Johnson
1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA. rcarlson@lively.jpl.nasa.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 26, 1999
Resumen
Los espectros de la nave espacial Galileo revelan el peróxido de hidrógeno en la superficie de Europa. Este hallazgo apoya la teoría de que la intensa radiación de partículas crea sustancias químicas en lunas heladas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
- La espectroscopia es una técnica de espectroscopia.
Sus antecedentes:
- Europa, una luna helada de Júpiter, es un objetivo principal en la búsqueda de vida extraterrestre.
- Comprender la composición de la superficie de Europa es crucial para evaluar su habitabilidad.
- El bombardeo de partículas energéticas es un proceso significativo que afecta la química de los cuerpos helados en los sistemas planetarios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la composición de la superficie de Europa utilizando datos espectrales.
- Para identificar y cuantificar especies químicas específicas presentes en la superficie de Europa.
- Para investigar los procesos químicos, como la radiólisis, que dan forma a la superficie de Europa.
Principales métodos:
- Adquisición de espectros infrarrojos y ultravioleta con resolución espacial del cuadrante antijoviano líder de Europa utilizando la nave espacial Galileo.
- Análisis de las características de absorción dentro de los espectros para identificar compuestos químicos.
- Comparación de las características espectrales observadas con las mediciones de laboratorio de peróxido de hidrógeno y hielo de agua.
Principales resultados:
- Detección de características de absorción distintas atribuidas al peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2).
- Estimación de las concentraciones superficiales de peróxido de hidrógeno en aproximadamente el 0,13% en número en relación con el hielo de agua.
- La abundancia observada de H2O2 se alinea con las predicciones para la producción radiolítica.
Conclusiones:
- La superficie de Europa contiene cantidades significativas de peróxido de hidrógeno, probablemente formado a través de la radiólisis.
- El estudio confirma que la radiólisis es un proceso dominante que influye en la química de la superficie de Europa.
- Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones para la potencial habitabilidad y el significado astrobiológico de Europa.
Palabras clave:
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