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El análisis estructural y funcional del complejo ARF1-ARFGAP revela un papel para el coatómero en la hidrólisis de
1Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA. jonathan@ximpact4.ski.mskcc.org
Cell
|April 2, 1999
Resumen
La proteína ARF1 que activa la GTPasa (ARFGAP) y la estructura del complejo de coatómero revelan cómo el ARFGAP facilita la hidrólisis del GTP. Este complejo tripartito controla el desmontaje de la capa de vesículas COPI.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología molecular La biología molecular.
- Biología estructural Biología estructural.
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El factor de ribosilación de ADP 1 (ARF1) es una pequeña GTPasa crucial para el transporte vesicular.
- Las proteínas activadoras de la GTPasa ARF (ARFGAPs) regulan la actividad de ARF1 promoviendo la hidrólisis de GTP.
- Las vesículas recubiertas de COPI están involucradas en el transporte retrógrado dentro del aparato de Golgi.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar la base estructural de la regulación mediada por ARFGAP de ARF1.
- Para entender el papel del coatómero en la reacción de la GTPasa.
- Para caracterizar el complejo tripartito que controla el desmontaje de la capa de vesículas COPI.
Principales métodos:
- Cristalografía de rayos X a una resolución de 1,95 A para determinar la estructura compleja.
- Análisis bioquímicos para evaluar las tasas de hidrólisis de GTP.
Principales resultados:
- La estructura cristalina revela ARFGAP que se une al interruptor 2 de ARF1 y a la hélice alpha3, orientando los residuos para la catálisis sin participación directa del sitio activo.
- La región de unión del efector de ARF1 sigue siendo accesible en el complejo.
- Los experimentos bioquímicos demuestran que el coatómero acelera la hidrólisis de GTP por 1000 veces de una manera dependiente de ARFGAP.
Conclusiones:
- Un complejo tripartito que involucra ARF1, ARFGAP y coatómero es esencial para regular la hidrólisis de GTP.
- Este complejo desencadena el desmontaje de las capas de vesículas COPI.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información sobre los mecanismos moleculares de la regulación del transporte vesicular.
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