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Un homólogo del receptor de la capsaicina con un alto umbral para el calor nocivo
M J Caterina1, T A Rosen, M Tominaga
1Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0450, USA.
Nature
|April 14, 1999
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron el VRL-1, un nuevo canal de iones por calor. VRL-1 detecta altas temperaturas (alrededor de 52 ° C) en neuronas específicas, complementando el receptor de capsaicina (VR1) que detecta el calor moderado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Fisiología Sensorial Fisiología Sensorial.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las neuronas sensoriales nociceptivas detectan el calor doloroso a través de distintos umbrales de respuesta térmica.
- El subtipo 1 del receptor vanilloide (VR1) es un canal iónico inducido por el calor activado por calor moderado (43°C) y protones.
- VR1 está implicado en la detección de estímulos químicos y térmicos nocivos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar nuevos canales iónicos involucrados en la sensación de calor.
- Investigar el papel del VRL-1 en la detección de estímulos térmicos de umbral alto.
- Comprender la diversidad de mecanismos moleculares que subyacen a la detección de calor en las neuronas sensoriales.
Principales métodos:
- Identificación de un nuevo canal iónico por calor, VRL-1, a través de la clonación molecular y la caracterización.
- Análisis de los umbrales de activación del VRL-1 utilizando estímulos térmicos.
- Examen de los patrones de expresión de VRL-1 en los ganglios sensoriales y otros tejidos.
Principales resultados:
- VRL-1 es un canal iónico por calor activado por altas temperaturas (~52°C), distinto de VR1.1.
- VRL-1 se expresa principalmente en neuronas sensoriales de diámetro medio a grande.
- Las transcripciones de VRL-1 se encuentran fuera del sistema nervioso sensorial, lo que sugiere funciones más amplias.
Conclusiones:
- VRL-1 es un receptor candidato para la transducción de calor de umbral alto en poblaciones específicas de neuronas sensoriales.
- Los canales iónicos relacionados como VR1 y VRL-1 cooperan para detectar una gama de intensidades de calor nocivo.
- El descubrimiento del VRL-1 amplía nuestra comprensión de las bases moleculares de la termo-sensación.
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