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La topografía global de Marte y sus implicaciones para la evolución de la superficie.
D E Smith1, M T Zuber, S C Solomon
1Earth Sciences Directorate, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. dsmith@tharsis.gsfc.nasa.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 29, 1999
Resumen
Un mapa topográfico de alta precisión de Marte revela un hemisferio norte bajo, la provincia volcánica de Tharsis y la cuenca de impacto de Hellas. Estos datos informan nuestra comprensión de la historia geológica marciana y el inventario de agua.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Geología Geología Geología.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la topografía marciana es clave para descifrar su evolución geológica.
- Los datos topográficos anteriores carecían de la resolución para el análisis detallado de las principales características.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para generar un mapa topográfico global de alta precisión de Marte.
- Identificar y caracterizar las características topográficas dominantes y sus orígenes.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos del altímetro láser del Mars Orbiter (MOLA).
- Análisis de los datos de elevación global para crear un mapa topográfico completo.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó un hemisferio norte bajo, probablemente moldeado por mecanismos internos.
- Caracterizó la provincia volcánica de Tharsis con dos amplias subidas.
- Ha trazado un mapa de la cuenca de impacto de Hellas y su contribución a la elevación del hemisferio sur.
- Ubicado tres grandes centros de drenaje, siendo las tierras bajas del norte el más grande.
- Estimó el volumen de agua de la capa polar marciana (3.2-4.7 millones de kilómetros cúbicos).
Conclusiones:
- La topografía marciana se caracteriza por distintas características a gran escala.
- Los procesos internos influyeron significativamente en la topografía del hemisferio norte.
- La cuenca Hellas jugó un papel en la configuración de las elevaciones hemisféricas.
- Los casquetes polares representan una importante, aunque limitada, reserva de aguas superficiales.
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