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A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
Published on: February 5, 2014
La reconstrucción de la filogenia con y sin datos temporales
D L Fox1, D C Fisher, L R Leighton
1Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, 1109 Geddes Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA. dlfox@umich.edu
Resumen
La estratocladística, que incorpora datos de tiempo, reconstruye con mayor precisión la historia evolutiva que la cladística convencional. Este método recuperó la filogenia verdadera en más del doble de simulaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- La inferencia filogenética.
- Paleontología Paleontología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los métodos cladísticos convencionales para inferir relaciones evolutivas no incorporan inicialmente datos temporales en la generación de hipótesis.
- Esta exclusión de la evidencia basada en el tiempo puede limitar la precisión de las reconstrucciones filogenéticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar la efectividad de la estratocladística y la cladística convencional en la recuperación de las historias evolutivas conocidas.
- Evaluar el impacto de incluir datos temporales en los análisis filogenéticos.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio de simulación utilizando 550 matrices únicas de taxón por carácter.
- Se emplearon quince modelos evolutivos distintos y registros fósiles con completud variable (100% a 10%).
- Tanto la cladística como la estratocladística se utilizaron para inferir filogenias a partir de los mismos datos de carácter evolucionado.
Principales resultados:
- La estratocladística recuperó con éxito la verdadera filogenia evolutiva en el 42% de los casos.
- La cladística convencional recuperó la filogenia verdadera en sólo el 18% de los casos.
- La estratocladística demostró más del doble de la tasa de éxito de la cladística en la reconstrucción precisa de historias evolutivas simuladas.
Conclusiones:
- La incorporación de datos temporales, como se hace en la estratocladística, mejora significativamente la precisión de la inferencia filogenética.
- La estratocladística ofrece un enfoque más robusto para reconstruir las relaciones evolutivas en comparación con los métodos cladísticos tradicionales.
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