Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Aug 10, 2026
12:27
Renal Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury: A Mouse Model of Injury and Regeneration
Published on: June 7, 2014
Insuficiencia renal reversible y miositis causada por hipersensibilidad a la fenitoína
JAMA
|December 13, 1976
Resumen
Un paciente que tomaba fenitoína desarrolló una reacción de hipersensibilidad severa que incluía sarpullido, fiebre y daño a los órganos. El tratamiento inmediato con esteroides condujo a la recuperación, destacando la importancia de reconocer esta reacción al medicamento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacología Farmacología.
- Toxicología Toxicología.
- Nefrología Nefrología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La fenitoína (difenilhidantoína) es un medicamento anticonvulsivo.
- Las reacciones de hipersensibilidad a medicamentos pueden manifestarse con diversos síntomas.
- La identificación de los primeros signos es crucial para una intervención oportuna.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar de un caso de hipersensibilidad a la fenitoína que involucra insuficiencia renal aguda y miositis.
- Para enfatizar la importancia de una erupción morbilliforme en pacientes tratados con fenitoína.
- Para discutir el espectro de las reacciones de hipersensibilidad a la fenitoína.
Principales métodos:
- Informe de caso de una mujer de 38 años.
- Observación clínica de los síntomas y hallazgos de laboratorio.
- El tratamiento con fosfato sódico de prednisolona.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente presentó eritema maculopapular, fiebre, linfadenopatía, dermatitis exfoliante, hepatitis, insuficiencia renal aguda y miositis.
- La terapia con fosfato sódico de prednisolona condujo a la resolución de la reacción de hipersensibilidad.
- El paciente se recuperó de la insuficiencia renal.
Conclusiones:
- La insuficiencia renal y la miositis pueden ser parte del espectro de hipersensibilidad a la fenitoína.
- Un sarpullido morbilíforme en un paciente que recibe fenitoína justifica una investigación exhaustiva.
- La intervención oportuna con corticosteroides puede revertir el daño orgánico grave inducido por la fenitoína.
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