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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
Cloning of Dolly the Sheep01:08

Cloning of Dolly the Sheep

The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter telomeres than other...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

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A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals
07:40

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Published on: March 13, 2011

La colección de genes de mamíferos.

R L Strausberg1, E A Feingold, R D Klausner

  • 1National Cancer Institute, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 16, 1999
PubMed
Resumen

El proyecto Colección de genes de mamíferos (MGC, por sus siglas en inglés) crea recursos de ADN complementario (ADNc) de longitud completa y accesibles al público para los investigadores. Esta iniciativa tiene como objetivo proporcionar un conjunto completo de secuencias genéticas de mamíferos y clones para el avance científico.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La genómica es la genómica.
  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • Biotecnología La biotecnología es la biotecnología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La necesidad de recursos completos de ADN complementario de longitud completa (ADNc) es fundamental para comprender la función génica de los mamíferos.
  • Los recursos existentes pueden ser incompletos o carecer de marcos de lectura abiertos de longitud completa (ORF).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para establecer el proyecto de Colección de genes de mamíferos (MGC).
  • Generar y proporcionar acceso público a un conjunto completo de secuencias y clones ORF de longitud completa de humanos y otros mamíferos.
  • Apoyar a la comunidad investigadora con recursos genéticos esenciales.

Principales métodos:

  • Producción y construcción de bibliotecas.
  • Secuenciación de alto rendimiento de ADN complementario (ADNc).
  • Desarrollo de bases de datos y repositorios robustos para la gestión y el acceso a los datos.
  • El avance de las tecnologías habilitadoras para la secuenciación y el análisis.

Principales resultados:

  • Generación de una valiosa colección de clones de ADNc de mamíferos de cuerpo entero.
  • Establecimiento de una base de datos de acceso público para estos recursos genéticos.
  • Apoyo a diversas aplicaciones de investigación que requieren secuencias de genes de longitud completa.

Conclusiones:

  • El proyecto de Colección de genes de mamíferos (MGC, por sus siglas en inglés) creó con éxito un recurso vital para la comunidad científica.
  • La accesibilidad pública de estos recursos completos de ADNc acelera la investigación en genética de mamíferos y biología molecular.
  • El proyecto destaca la importancia de los esfuerzos colaborativos a gran escala en genómica.