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Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
Published on: October 17, 2018
Asesoramiento médico sobre el ejercicio
C C Wee1, E P McCarthy, R B Davis
1Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02215, USA. cweekuo@caregroup.harvard.edu
JAMA
|November 5, 1999
Resumen
El asesoramiento médico sobre ejercicio es bajo a nivel nacional, y los pacientes mayores, más sanos y más ricos tienen más probabilidades de recibir asesoramiento. Esta oportunidad perdida para la prevención primaria afecta a las personas más jóvenes y en riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- La medicina preventiva es la medicina preventiva de las enfermedades.
- Comportamiento de salud Comportamiento de salud.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de las tasas de obesidad está relacionado con el aumento de los estilos de vida sedentarios.
- Se recomienda el asesoramiento médico sobre el ejercicio, pero rara vez se practica.
- Los factores que influyen en el asesoramiento médico sobre el ejercicio siguen sin estar claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los factores específicos del paciente asociados con el asesoramiento médico sobre el ejercicio en los EE.UU..
- Para identificar los predictores demográficos y clínicos de recibir consejos de ejercicio de los médicos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Entrevistas de Salud (NHIS) del año 2000, encuesta suplementaria del año 2000.
- Analizó las respuestas de 9.299 adultos con respecto al asesoramiento médico sobre el ejercicio durante su última visita.
- Empleó regresión logística para determinar los factores asociados con el asesoramiento sobre ejercicio.
Principales resultados:
- Sólo el 34% de los pacientes informaron haber recibido asesoramiento sobre ejercicio.
- El asesoramiento fue más frecuente para las mujeres, los adultos mayores (40-49 años), las personas con mayores ingresos, los graduados universitarios y aquellos con mayores niveles de actividad física.
- Los pacientes con enfermedades cardíacas y diabetes eran significativamente más propensos a recibir asesoramiento.
Conclusiones:
- Las tasas de asesoramiento médico sobre ejercicio son bajas, con un enfoque en la prevención secundaria en lugar de la prevención primaria.
- La falta de asesoramiento de individuos más jóvenes, libres de enfermedades y de menor estatus socioeconómico representa una oportunidad perdida para la prevención primaria.
- Se necesitan intervenciones específicas para mejorar las tasas de asesoramiento sobre ejercicio en diversas poblaciones de pacientes.
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