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Van der Waals Interactions

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.Polar molecules have a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule,...

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

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Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...

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Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Adsorción molecular reversible basada en la interacción de múltiples puntos por geles encogibles.

T Oya¹, T Enoki, A Y Grosberg

¹Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, George R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. toyo@mit.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 24, 1999

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron geles poliméricos para la captura de moléculas utilizando interacciones multipunto. Estos geles inteligentes pueden ajustar de manera reversible su fuerza de unión, ofreciendo capacidades de reconocimiento molecular sintonizables.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Química de Polímeros La Química de Polímeros es la química de los polímeros.
Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
Reconocimiento molecular.

Sus antecedentes:

El desarrollo de materiales para la captura molecular selectiva es crucial para diversas aplicaciones.
Los métodos existentes a menudo carecen de afinidad sintonizable o mecanismos de captura eficientes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para crear un enfoque general para el diseño de geles poliméricos con afinidad sintonizable para las moléculas objetivo.
Para permitir interacciones reversibles y multipunto entre el gel de polímero y la molécula objetivo.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de geles poliméricos que incorporan monómeros específicos para la inflamación y contracción reversibles.
Incorpora monómeros minoritarios diseñados como centros de adsorción multipunto para las moléculas objetivo.
Verificación experimental de la interacción de múltiples puntos a través del análisis de las leyes de potencia relacionadas con la afinidad y la concentración de monómeros.

Principales resultados:

Demostró la creación de geles poliméricos capaces de reconocer y capturar moléculas objetivo a través de interacciones de múltiples puntos.
Se lograron cambios reversibles en la afinidad de la molécula objetivo que exceden un orden de magnitud.
Se confirmó la interacción de varios puntos a través de las relaciones de poder-ley observadas.

Conclusiones:

El enfoque presentado ofrece una plataforma versátil para diseñar geles de polímero inteligentes con propiedades de reconocimiento molecular sintonizables.
Estos geles muestran potencial para aplicaciones que requieren la captura selectiva y reversible de las moléculas objetivo.
Los hallazgos proporcionan una comprensión fundamental de las relaciones estructura-propiedad en las redes de polímeros sensibles a estímulos.