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Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
Published on: September 4, 2015
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Una transición de fase líquido-líquido de primer orden en el fósforo.
1Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo. katayama@spring8.or.jp
Nature
|January 26, 2000
Resumen
Las transiciones de fase líquido-líquido de primer orden son raras, pero se observan en el fósforo. La presión induce un cambio estructural rápido y reversible entre las formas líquidas moleculares y poliméricas, lo que indica una nueva transición de fase.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
- Química Física es la química física.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las transiciones de fase estructural de primer orden son comunes en los sólidos.
- Las transiciones de fase líquido-líquido de primer orden en sustancias puras son excepcionalmente raras.
- Estudios anteriores sugirieron tales transiciones en agua súper enfriada y carbono líquido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la posibilidad de una transición de fase líquido-líquido en el fósforo.
- Para observar los cambios estructurales en el fósforo líquido bajo diferentes condiciones de presión.
Principales métodos:
- La difracción de rayos X in situ se empleó para estudiar el fósforo líquido.
- Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo bajo condiciones de presión variables, específicamente por encima de 1 GPa.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una transformación estructural inducida por la presión en el fósforo líquido.
- Se identificaron dos formas líquidas distintas: una forma molecular de baja presión (P4) y una forma polimérica de alta presión.
- La transformación entre estas formas es aguda, rápida, reversible y se produce en un rango de presión estrecho (<0,02 GPa).
- Se observó la coexistencia de ambas formas líquidas durante la transición.
Conclusiones:
- Los fenómenos observados en el fósforo líquido sugieren fuertemente una transición de fase líquido-líquido de primer orden.
- Este hallazgo proporciona nuevos conocimientos sobre el comportamiento de la materia en estado líquido bajo condiciones extremas.
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