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La serpiente del Pleistoceno Wonambi y la evolución temprana de las serpientes
1Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. jscanlon@ultra.net.au
Nature
|February 10, 2000
Resumen
Las serpientes fósiles llamadas Madtsoiidae ofrecen pistas sobre la evolución de las serpientes. Nuevos fósiles Wonambi revelan la anatomía craneal primitiva, desafiando la teoría del origen subterráneo de las serpientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleontología Paleontología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Herpetología herpetología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las serpientes Madtsoiidae existieron durante 90 millones de años, desde el Cretácico hasta el Pleistoceno.
- Su amplia distribución a través de los continentes proporciona información sobre la evolución de las serpientes.
- La comprensión previa de Madtsoiidae estaba limitada debido a la escasez de fósiles craneales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la anatomía craneal de Wonambi, un Madtsoiid sobreviviente tardío.
- Para determinar las relaciones filogenéticas de Madtsoiidae dentro de la evolución de las serpientes.
- Para probar la teoría subterránea de los orígenes de las serpientes.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis del recién descubierto material fósil australiano de Wonambi.
- Estudio anatómico comparativo de las características craneales.
- Análisis filogenético que incorpora Wonambi y otras serpientes primitivas.
Principales resultados:
- La anatomía craneal detallada de Wonambi ha sido aclarada por primera vez.
- Wonambi, a pesar de su reciente edad, se identifica como una serpiente muy primitiva.
- Los linajes de serpientes primitivas, incluidos Wonambi, Pachyrhachis y Dinilysia, carecen de adaptaciones para excavar.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos contradicen la teoría del origen subterráneo de las serpientes.
- La forma del cuerpo de la serpiente y el aparato de la mandíbula probablemente evolucionaron en antepasados grandes y no excavadores.
- Las adaptaciones de excavación en las serpientes evolucionaron más tarde, después del establecimiento de la forma básica de la serpiente.
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