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Conservación y novedad en la evolución de la adhesión celular y los genes de la matriz extracelular
H Hutter1, B E Vogel, J D Plenefisch
1Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. hutter@mpimf-heidelberg.mpg.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 11, 2000
Resumen
La invención de genes evolutivos abarca desde la vida temprana hasta la adaptación del suelo en Caenorhabditis elegans. Los genes clave para la organización tisular surgieron en los metazoos, mientras que las adaptaciones ambientales evolucionaron más tarde en los nematodos y los vertebrados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Evolución molecular de la evolución molecular.
Sus antecedentes:
- Nuevas proteínas y módulos genéticos surgen a lo largo de la historia evolutiva.
- Los orígenes de los genes en Caenorhabditis elegans abarcan desde la vida celular temprana hasta la adaptación del hábitat del suelo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las líneas de tiempo evolutivas y los orígenes de las familias de genes en Caenorhabditis elegans.
- Comprender la diversificación de los genes relacionados con la organización de los tejidos y la adaptación ambiental.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las "fechas de nacimiento" de genes en diferentes linajes evolutivos.
- Genómica comparativa para identificar familias de genes y sus puntos de emergencia.
Principales resultados:
- Aproximadamente la mitad de los genes de C. elegans son "metazoanos", originados entre la divergencia levadura-metazoano y nematodo-cordado.
- Los genes para las membranas basales y la adhesión celular, cruciales para la organización de los tejidos, surgieron durante la evolución temprana de los metazoos.
- Los componentes especializados para las superficies epiteliales orientadas al medio ambiente evolucionaron dentro del linaje de nematodos, y las matrices intersticiales se elaboraron en vertebrados.
Conclusiones:
- Las estrategias de invención de genes varían a través de escalas de tiempo y linajes evolutivos.
- La evolución de las familias de genes, incluida la conservación y la innovación, puede estar relacionada con las diferencias en la estructura de la cromatina (heterocromatina vs. euchromatina).
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