Caída de la presión arterial media y restricción del crecimiento fetal en la hipertensión del embarazo: un metanálisis
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Published on: June 29, 2013
P von Dadelszen1, M P Ornstein, S B Bull
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Canada.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 16, 2000
Resumen
Los medicamentos antihipertensivos orales para la hipertensión del embarazo pueden afectar negativamente el crecimiento fetal, lo que lleva a más bebés pequeños para la edad gestacional. Se necesita más investigación para equilibrar los riesgos y beneficios maternos y fetales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Obstetricia y Ginecología.
- La medicina perinatal es una medicina que se desarrolla en el perinatal.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La hipertensión del embarazo de leve a moderada afecta a muchos embarazos.
- Los medicamentos antihipertensivos orales se usan comúnmente para controlar esta afección.
- El impacto de estos medicamentos en el crecimiento fetoplacentario requiere más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la relación entre el crecimiento fetoplacentario y el uso de medicamentos antihipertensivos orales en el embarazo.
- Evaluar la asociación entre los cambios en la presión arterial materna y los indicadores de crecimiento fetal.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un análisis de metarregresión de los datos publicados de ensayos controlados aleatorios.
- Los datos de valores atípicos estadísticos fueron excluidos de los análisis primarios.
- Los cambios en la presión arterial media (PAM) se compararon con las métricas de crecimiento fetoplacentario.
Principales resultados:
- Una mayor reducción en MAP con terapia antihipertensiva se correlacionó con una mayor proporción de niños pequeños para la edad gestacional (SGA).
- El menor peso promedio al nacer también se asoció con una mayor reducción de MAP.
- No se observó una relación significativa entre los cambios en el MAP y el peso placentario medio.
Conclusiones:
- Las reducciones inducidas por el tratamiento en la presión arterial materna pueden afectar negativamente el crecimiento fetal.
- Los beneficios maternos de tratar la hipertensión del embarazo de leve a moderada con antihipertensivos orales parecen pequeños.
- Es esencial realizar más investigaciones para aclarar los riesgos y beneficios de estos tratamientos para la madre y el feto.
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