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Activación tardía del genoma paterno durante el desarrollo de las semillas

J P Vielle-Calzada¹, R Baskar, U Grossniklaus

¹Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724, USA.

|March 15, 2000

Resumen

En el desarrollo de semillas de Arabidopsis, el genoma paterno se silencia en la fecundación. La activación genética paterna ocurre más tarde, lo que indica que el desarrollo temprano del embrión y el endospermo están controlados principalmente por la madre.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología reproductiva de las plantas Biología reproductiva de las plantas
Genética del desarrollo genética del desarrollo.
La epigenética es la epigenética.

Sus antecedentes:

El tiempo de transición materno-zigótico en las plantas con flores sigue siendo en gran medida desconocido.
Los embriones vegetales pueden desarrollarse a partir de células somáticas o microsporas, disminuyendo la importancia materna percibida en la embriogénesis temprana.
Los mutantes embrionalmente letales de acción temprana como emb30/gnom sugirieron actividad inmediata después de la fertilización de los genomas materno y paterno.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el momento de la activación del genoma paterno durante el desarrollo temprano de la semilla en Arabidopsis.
Determinar el grado de silenciamiento del genoma paterno en las etapas iniciales de la embriogénesis.
Reevaluar el papel de los genomas materno y paterno en el desarrollo temprano de las plantas.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de la expresión de alelos heredados paternalmente en 20 loci diferentes durante el desarrollo temprano de las semillas de Arabidopsis.
Estudios genéticos sobre el mutante emb30/gnom, examinando su fenotipo de efecto materno y rescuabilidad paterna.
Análisis comparativo del tiempo de expresión génica entre alelos maternos y paternos.

Principales resultados:

No se expresaron alelos heredados paternalmente durante el desarrollo temprano de la semilla en los loci. de Arabidopsis probados.
Los alelos paternos para los genes expresados más tarde se vuelven activos tres o cuatro días después de la fecundación.
La mutación emb30/gnomo exhibe un fenotipo de efecto maternal paternalmente rescatable junto con letalidad zigótica.

Conclusiones:

El desarrollo temprano de la semilla y el endospermo en Arabidopsis están predominantemente controlados por el genoma materno.
El genoma paterno en Arabidopsis está inicialmente silenciado, con una activación que ocurre significativamente más tarde en el desarrollo.
Las interpretaciones anteriores de la actividad inmediata del genoma biparental después de la fecundación requieren una revisión basada en estos hallazgos.

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