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El transporte de pasajeros como factor de riesgo de accidentes fatales para conductores de 16 y 17 años
L H Chen1, S P Baker, E R Braver
1Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-1996, USA. lhchen@jhsph.edu
JAMA
|March 29, 2000
Resumen
Los conductores adolescentes se enfrentan a mayores riesgos de accidentes fatales con pasajeros. El riesgo aumenta significativamente con cada pasajero adicional, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de restricciones graduadas de licencias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación de seguridad vial Investigación de seguridad vial.
- Salud de los Adolescentes.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los accidentes automovilísticos son la principal causa de muerte entre los adolescentes.
- El transporte de pasajeros es un factor de riesgo potencial para los choques de conductores adolescentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si los pasajeros aumentan el riesgo de accidente fatal para los conductores de 16 y 17 años.
- Examinar cómo varía el riesgo según la hora del día, la edad y el sexo del conductor/pasajero.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos del Sistema de Información de Análisis de Fatalidad, el Sistema de Estimaciones Generales y la Encuesta Nacional de Transporte Personal (1992-1997).
- Examinó las muertes de conductores por cada 10 millones de viajes y por cada 1000 accidentes.
- Incluidos los conductores de entre 16 y 17 años en automóviles de pasajeros, furgonetas o camionetas.
Principales resultados:
- El riesgo de accidentes mortales aumentó significativamente con el número de pasajeros para los conductores de 16 y 17 años.
- El riesgo relativo de muerte por cada 10 millones de viajes para los jóvenes de 16 años aumentó de 1,39 con un pasajero a 2,82 con tres o más.
- El riesgo relativo de muerte por cada 10 millones de viajes para los jóvenes de 17 años aumentó de 1,48 con un pasajero a 3,07 con tres o más. El aumento del riesgo se observó independientemente de la hora del día, pero los conductores masculinos se enfrentaban a riesgos más altos. El transporte de pasajeros masculinos o más jóvenes (<30 años) también aumentó las muertes por accidentes.
Conclusiones:
- El riesgo de lesiones mortales para los conductores jóvenes (16-17 años) aumenta con el número de pasajeros que transportan.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la implementación de restricciones de pasajeros dentro de los sistemas graduados de licencias de conducir para adolescentes.
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