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Identificación de la extremadamente larga cola iónica del cometa Hyakutake a partir de las firmas del campo magnético
Nature
|April 15, 2000
Resumen
Las mediciones de las naves espaciales revelaron el cometa Hyakutake.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física del espacio Física del espacio
- Ciencia de los Cometas Ciencia de los Cometas
- Física del plasma es la física del plasma.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las colas de los cometas, específicamente las colas de iones (plasma), se forman cuando el gas cometario se ioniza y se une al viento solar.
- Las mediciones anteriores in situ de los entornos de plasma del cometa se limitaron a una proximidad muy cercana al núcleo (<8,000 km).
- El viento solar es una salida continua de material ionizado originado en el Sol.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar las primeras mediciones in situ de la cola de plasma de un cometa a una distancia significativa del núcleo.
- Para caracterizar la estructura y las dimensiones de la cola de plasma del cometa Hyakutake lejos del Sol.
Principales métodos:
- Una nave espacial cruzó por casualidad la cola de plasma del cometa Hyakutake (C/1996 B2).
- Las mediciones in situ se realizaron a una distancia superior a 3,8 unidades astronómicas (550 millones de kilómetros) del núcleo del cometa.
Principales resultados:
- La cola de plasma del cometa Hyakutake se midió a más de 3,8 UA, significativamente más lejos que los cometas estudiados anteriormente.
- Las mediciones confirmaron que la cola era una entidad estructurada con un diámetro de al menos 7 millones de kilómetros a esta distancia.
- Esta observación supera la longitud de cola previamente registrada de 2 UA para el Gran Cometa de Marzo de 1843.
Conclusiones:
- Las colas de plasma cometario pueden ser entidades extensas y estructuradas que se extienden millones de kilómetros en el espacio.
- Las mediciones in situ lejos del núcleo son cruciales para comprender la escala completa y la naturaleza de los entornos de plasma cometario.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan nuevos conocimientos sobre la interacción entre los cometas y el viento solar.
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