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Infection
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Una familia de receptores gustativos candidatos en humanos y ratones
H Matsunami1, J P Montmayeur, L B Buck
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|April 15, 2000
Resumen
Los investigadores identificaron una nueva familia de receptores del gusto, llamados TRB, que son receptores acoplados a la proteína G. Es probable que estos TRB participen en la detección de sabores amargos y dulces, ampliando nuestra comprensión del sistema gustativo de los mamíferos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- La percepción del gusto de los mamíferos implica percibir cualidades básicas como el amargo, el dulce, el salado, el agrio y el umami.
- Los receptores acoplados a la proteína G (GPCR) están implicados en la detección de sabores amargos y dulces.
- El conocimiento existente sugiere la necesidad de más de los dos GPCR identificados para explicar la diversidad de los compuestos amargos y dulces.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar nuevos receptores gustativos candidatos involucrados en la percepción del gusto de los mamíferos.
- Para caracterizar una familia recién descubierta de receptores acoplados a la proteína G expresados en las células receptoras del gusto.
Principales métodos:
- Identificación de una nueva familia de receptores gustativos candidatos (TRB).
- Análisis de la localización del gen TRB y el vínculo con los loci genéticos saboros conocidos (SOA y PROP).
- Confirmación de la expresión de TRB en las células receptoras del gusto.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de la familia de los receptores gustativos B (TRB), miembros de la superfamilia de los GPCR.
- Los TRB se expresan específicamente en las células receptoras del gusto.
- Los genes TRB humanos se encuentran cerca del locus Prp, vinculado al locus SOA del ratón (detección de octaacetato de sacarosa).
- Un gen TRB se encuentra en el cromosoma humano 5p15, cerca del locus PROP (detección de 6-n-propil-2-tiouracilo).
Conclusiones:
- La familia TRB representa una adición significativa al repertorio conocido de receptores gustativos de mamíferos.
- Los genes TRB están estratégicamente ubicados en relación con los loci genéticos que controlan la percepción de compuestos amargos específicos.
- Este descubrimiento proporciona una base molecular para una gama más amplia de detección de sabores amargos y dulces.
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