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Diversidad de especies e invasiones biológicas: relacionando el proceso local con el patrón de la comunidad
1Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. levinejm@socrates.berkeley.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 8, 2000
Resumen
Los ecosistemas de alta diversidad son más susceptibles a las especies invasoras, desafiando los puntos de vista tradicionales. Factores como el suministro de propágulos, no solo la diversidad local, impulsan los patrones de invasión en los sistemas ribereños de California.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Especies invasoras Biología Biología.
- Biología de la Conservación Biología de la Conservación.
Sus antecedentes:
- La teoría ecológica sugiere que una mayor biodiversidad mejora la resistencia del ecosistema a las especies invasoras.
- Sin embargo, la evidencia empírica a menudo muestra una correlación positiva entre la diversidad de especies nativas y la invasión de plantas exóticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la relación entre la diversidad de especies nativas y la invasión de plantas exóticas en un sistema ribereño de California.
- Desenredar los efectos de la diversidad local de otros factores ecológicos en el éxito de la invasión.
Principales métodos:
- Manipulación in situ de la diversidad vegetal local.
- Realizó experimentos de adición de semillas para evaluar la dinámica de invasión.
- Analizó los factores ecológicos que cubren espacialmente la diversidad, como el suministro de propágulos.
Principales resultados:
- Los conjuntos de plantas naturales más diversos también fueron los más invadidos por plantas exóticas.
- Estos patrones persistieron a pesar del efecto negativo intrínseco de la diversidad en la invasión a escala local.
- Se descubrió que la pérdida de especies a pequeña escala reduce la resistencia a la invasión.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones de invasión en toda la Comunidad son impulsados por factores ecológicos (por ejemplo, suministro de propágulos) que varían con la diversidad.
- Si bien la diversidad local puede ofrecer cierta resistencia, los factores a gran escala pueden anular este efecto, lo que lleva a que las comunidades más diversas sean más invadidas.
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