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Consecuencias de la muerte in utero en un embarazo de gemelos
1Department of Public Health, University of Liverpool, UK. p.o.d.pharoah@liv.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|May 23, 2000
Resumen
El gemelo sobreviviente de un feto que murió en el útero enfrenta un mayor riesgo de deterioro cerebral, con un riesgo general del 20%. Este estudio cuantifica los riesgos significativos para los sobrevivientes de gemelos, destacando la necesidad de una mayor conciencia y monitoreo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Perinatología Perinatología.
- Neonatología Neonatología.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los embarazos de gemelos conllevan mayores riesgos de mortalidad y morbilidad en comparación con los embarazos individuales.
- El gemelo sobreviviente de un feto que muere en el útero tiene un riesgo particularmente elevado.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Cuantificar la mortalidad y la morbilidad grave en gemelos sobrevivientes cuya contraparte experimentó muerte fetal intrauterina.
- Para evaluar el riesgo de deterioro cerebral en los bebés nacidos después de la muerte in utero de un gemelo.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio de cohorte utilizando datos de nacimientos de gemelos en Inglaterra y Gales (1993-1995).
- Se utilizaron certificados de defunción y cuestionarios de médicos generales para recopilar datos sobre la mortalidad y la discapacidad en los gemelos sobrevivientes.
- Los datos de seguimiento se recopilaron en gemelos nacidos vivos de fetos que murieron en el útero.
Principales resultados:
- Para los gemelos del mismo sexo, la prevalencia de parálisis cerebral fue de 106 por cada 1000 y el otro deterioro cerebral fue de 114 por cada 1000 supervivientes infantiles.
- Para los gemelos de diferentes sexos, la prevalencia de parálisis cerebral fue de 29 por cada 1000 y otro deterioro cerebral fue de 118 por cada 1000 supervivientes infantiles.
- El riesgo general de deterioro cerebral para un gemelo co-nacido vivo después de la muerte fetal intrauterina fue del 20%.
Conclusiones:
- Los gemelos nacidos vivos de fetos que mueren en el útero corren un mayor riesgo de deterioro cerebral.
- La prevalencia de parálisis cerebral en estos bebés es significativamente mayor que en la población general de gemelos.
- Los riesgos específicos de la edad gestacional para la parálisis cerebral son notablemente elevados después de la muerte de un gemelo en el útero.
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