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Falta de un papel para el hierro en el patógeno de la enfermedad de Lyme
1Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 2, 2000
Resumen
La bacteria de la enfermedad de Lyme, Borrelia burgdorferi, evita de manera única la dependencia del hierro, una estrategia común de supervivencia bacteriana. Este patógeno prospera sin hierro, desafiando los principios establecidos de la patogénesis microbiana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La patogénesis microbiana es la patogénesis microbiana.
- Fisiología bacteriana fisiología bacteriana.
- Investigación de la enfermedad de Lyme.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los patógenos bacterianos generalmente requieren hierro para la supervivencia y la virulencia.
- Los organismos huéspedes a menudo restringen la disponibilidad de hierro para limitar el crecimiento de patógenos.
- Se sabe que el agente de la enfermedad de Lyme, Borrelia burgdorferi, infecta a los mamíferos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las necesidades de hierro de Borrelia burgdorferi.
- Para entender cómo Borrelia burgdorferi se adapta a la limitación de hierro del huésped.
- Para determinar si Borrelia burgdorferi utiliza proteínas que contienen hierro.
Principales métodos:
- Cultivo de Borrelia burgdorferi en presencia de quelantes del hierro.
- Analizar cambios en la expresión génica en condiciones de escasez de hierro.
- Análisis proteómico de lisados celulares para detectar proteínas que contienen hierro.
- Análisis genómico para identificar genes que codifican proteínas dependientes del hierro.
- Cuantificación de la concentración de hierro intracelular en Borrelia burgdorferi.
Principales resultados:
- Borrelia burgdorferi exhibió un crecimiento normal sin alteración significativa en la expresión génica cuando se expuso a quelantes de hierro.
- No se detectaron proteínas bacterianas típicas que contengan hierro en los lisados celulares.
- La secuencia del genoma de Borrelia burgdorferi carece de genes que codifiquen para las proteínas que utilizan el hierro.
- Se encontró que la concentración de hierro intracelular era extremadamente baja (menos de 10 átomos por célula).
Conclusiones:
- Borrelia burgdorferi ha evolucionado para eludir las estrategias de restricción de hierro del huésped al no requerir hierro para el crecimiento.
- Esta adaptación metabólica única sugiere un nuevo mecanismo para la patogénesis microbiana.
- La ausencia de dependencia del hierro en Borrelia burgdorferi lo distingue de la mayoría de los patógenos bacterianos conocidos.
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