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Adaptación de parásitos a los genotipos de huéspedes locales comunes.
1Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405-3700, USA. clively@indiana.edu
Nature
|June 23, 2000
Resumen
Los parásitos se adaptan localmente infectando desproporcionadamente los genotipos comunes del huésped, apoyando la hipótesis de la Reina Roja. Esta carrera armamentista evolutiva impulsa la adaptación de los parásitos y la reproducción sexual en las poblaciones de parásitos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Parasitología Parasitología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La hipótesis de la Reina Roja postula que las interacciones huésped-parásito impulsan una constante adaptación coevolucionaria y contra-adaptación.
- El éxito del parásito en los genotipos de huésped común puede estar correlacionado con la reproducción sexual del parásito y la adaptación local.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la adaptación local en parásitos está impulsada por una infección desproporcionada de genotipos de huéspedes comunes.
- Para determinar si el carácter común de los genotipos del huésped, u otros factores, explica este patrón de infección.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevó a cabo un experimento de inoculación cruzada recíproca.
- Se utilizaron parásitos de regiones simpátricas y alopátricas.
- Se analizaron las tasas de infección por parásitos en genotipos de huéspedes comunes versus raros.
Principales resultados:
- Los parásitos simpátricos infectaron genotipos de huéspedes comunes con más frecuencia que los raros.
- Los parásitos alopátricos no mostraron una diferencia significativa en las tasas de infección entre los genotipos de huéspedes comunes y raros.
- Los parásitos de una fuente mixta (híbridos F1) tampoco mostraron preferencia por genotipos de huéspedes comunes o raros.
Conclusiones:
- La adaptación local en parásitos surge del seguimiento de genotipos de huéspedes locales comunes.
- Este hallazgo apoya una condición clave de la hipótesis de la Reina Roja con respecto a la dinámica coevolucionaria.
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