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Comprender la distribución de los asteroides cercanos a la Tierra
1Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6801, USA. Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, Boite Postale 4229, 06034 Nice C.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 24, 2000
Resumen
Los investigadores predicen unos 900 kilómetros de tamaño de los asteroides cercanos a la Tierra (NEAs), con el 40% descubierto. Muchos NEAs restantes son difíciles de detectar debido a sus órbitas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La astronomía y la astrofísica.
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La Dinámica Orbital es una Dinámica Orbital.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los asteroides cercanos a la Tierra (NEAs) presentan riesgos potenciales de impacto y son clave para comprender la evolución del sistema solar.
- Los catálogos actuales de NEAs son incompletos, particularmente para poblaciones más pequeñas o dinámicamente distintas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar las distribuciones orbitales y de tamaño de los NEAs.
- Para estimar la población total de NEAs de tamaño de kilómetros y evaluar la integridad de las encuestas actuales.
Principales métodos:
- Integración numérica de NEAs desde las regiones de origen hasta las órbitas observadas.
- Estimación de sesgos observacionales y distribuciones de tamaño para asteroides en varias órbitas.
- Desarrollo de una población modelo para adaptarse a los datos conocidos de la NEA.
Principales resultados:
- Se estima que existen unos 900 NEAs con magnitud absoluta <18 (de tamaño de kilómetro).
- Aproximadamente el 29% de estos residen en las órbitas de Amor, el 65% en Apolo y el 6% en las órbitas de Atón.
- Se ha descubierto un estimado del 40% de NEAs de tamaño de un kilómetro, y el resto en órbitas difíciles de detectar.
Conclusiones:
- La población actual de NEA está significativamente subestimada, especialmente para los objetos en órbitas excéntricas e inclinadas.
- Se necesitan mejores estrategias de detección para los NEAs que residen en regiones orbitales menos accesibles.
- Este estudio proporciona un censo más preciso de asteroides potencialmente peligrosos.
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