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La actividad física y el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular en mujeres
F B Hu1, M J Stampfer, G A Colditz
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115. frank.hu@channing.harvard.edu
JAMA
|June 24, 2000
Resumen
La actividad física regular reduce significativamente el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular total e isquémico en las mujeres. Incluso el ejercicio moderado como caminar, realizado constantemente, ofrece una protección sustancial contra el accidente cerebrovascular.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- La medicina preventiva es la medicina preventiva de las enfermedades.
- Salud Cardiovascular La salud cardiovascular.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de la actividad física está relacionado con la reducción del riesgo de enfermedad coronaria.
- El papel de la actividad física en la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular requiere más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre los niveles de actividad física y el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular total y sus subtipos en mujeres.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte prospectivo de 72.488 enfermeras (de 40 a 65 años) del Estudio de Salud de las Enfermeras.
- La actividad física evaluada a través de tareas equivalentes metabólicas (MET) en horas por semana utilizando cuestionarios de 1986-1992.
- Los casos de accidente cerebrovascular incidente (total, isquémico, subaracnoideo, intracerebral) fueron seguidos desde el inicio hasta el 1 de junio de 1994.
Principales resultados:
- Los niveles más altos de actividad física mostraron una fuerte asociación inversa con el riesgo total de accidente cerebrovascular (P para la tendencia = .005).
- Este efecto protector se observó principalmente para el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico (P para la tendencia = .003).
- Las actividades moderadas como caminar, especialmente a un ritmo rápido, se asociaron con un menor riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular total e isquémico.
Conclusiones:
- La actividad física, incluido el ejercicio de intensidad moderada como caminar, reduce significativamente el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular total e isquémico.
- Existe una relación dosis-respuesta entre los niveles de actividad física y la reducción del riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la integración de las recomendaciones de actividad física para la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular en las mujeres.
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