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La capa de hielo de Groenlandia: equilibrio de altitud y adelgazamiento periférico
1Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and EG&G Services, Wallops Flight Facility, Building N-159, Wallops Island, VA 23337, USA. Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Building 33, Room A225, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 21, 2000
Resumen
La capa de hielo de Groenlandia muestra variaciones regionales, pero está equilibrada por encima de 2000m. Las elevaciones más bajas, especialmente cerca de la costa, se están adelgazando rápidamente, lo que contribuye al aumento del nivel del mar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Glaciología glaciología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Observación de la Tierra Observación de la Tierra
Sus antecedentes:
- El equilibrio de masa de la capa de hielo de Groenlandia es crucial para comprender los cambios globales en el nivel del mar.
- Estudios anteriores han proporcionado datos sobre la dinámica de las capas de hielo, pero se necesitan análisis completos recientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar el reciente balance de masas de la capa de hielo de Groenlandia utilizando datos combinados de altimetría.
- Para cuantificar la pérdida neta de hielo y su contribución al aumento del nivel del mar.
Principales métodos:
- Acoplamiento de los datos de las encuestas de altimetro láser de aviones del norte de Groenlandia (1994, 1999) con los datos existentes del sur de Groenlandia.
- Analizando los cambios de elevación por encima y por debajo de 2000 metros.
- Interpolar datos para estimar la pérdida anual neta de hielo.
Principales resultados:
- La capa de hielo está en equilibrio en promedio por encima de 2000 metros, con espesamiento y adelgazamiento localizados.
- El adelgazamiento significativo, superior a 1 metro por año, se produce en las elevaciones más bajas cerca de la costa.
- Se determinó una pérdida neta estimada de aproximadamente 51 kilómetros cúbicos de hielo por año.
Conclusiones:
- La capa de hielo de Groenlandia está perdiendo masa, principalmente en las elevaciones más bajas.
- Esta pérdida de hielo contribuye significativamente al aumento global del nivel del mar, lo que representa alrededor del 7% del aumento observado.
- El monitoreo continuo es esencial para rastrear la respuesta de las capas de hielo al cambio climático.
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