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El consumo de cereales integrales y el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico en mujeres: un estudio
S Liu1, J E Manson, M J Stampfer
1Division of Preventive Medicine, Bringham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave E, Boston, MA 02215, USA. simin.liu@channing.harvard.edu
JAMA
|September 23, 2000
Resumen
Una mayor ingesta de granos enteros está relacionada con un menor riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico en las mujeres. Estos hallazgos apoyan la incorporación de granos enteros en las dietas para la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Ciencia de la nutrición Ciencia de la nutrición.
- Salud Cardiovascular La salud cardiovascular.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las recomendaciones dietéticas a menudo sugieren una mayor ingesta de productos de granos para la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV).
- Sin embargo, existen datos prospectivos limitados sobre la relación específica entre el consumo de granos enteros y el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, especialmente en las mujeres.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la hipótesis de que un mayor consumo de granos enteros está asociado con un menor riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico entre las mujeres.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de cohorte prospectivo en el que participaron 75.521 mujeres estadounidenses (de 38 a 63 años) del Estudio de Salud de las Enfermeras.
- Los participantes completaron cuestionarios detallados de frecuencia de alimentos (FFQ) de 1984 a 1994, y fueron seguidos durante 12 años.
- La incidencia de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico se confirmó a través de registros médicos y se analizó por quintiles de ingesta de granos enteros.
Principales resultados:
- Durante el seguimiento (861.900 años-persona), se identificaron 352 casos de ictus isquémico.
- Se observó una asociación inversa entre la ingesta de granos enteros y el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico (P = .003 para la tendencia).
- Esta asociación persistió después de ajustar el tabaquismo, los factores de riesgo de ECV, las grasas saturadas y la ingesta de ácidos grasos trans.
Conclusiones:
- Una mayor ingesta de alimentos integrales se asocia con un menor riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico en las mujeres.
- Esta relación es independiente de los factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular establecidos.
- Los hallazgos apoyan el papel potencial de los granos enteros en la mitigación del riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico.
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