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La sobreexpresión cardíaca específica del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa causa estrés oxidativo y disfunción
1Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Circulation
|October 4, 2000
Resumen
Los ratones con insuficiencia cardíaca mostraron debilidad del diafragma debido al aumento del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-alfa). Esta disfunción contráctil se relacionó con el aumento del estrés oxidativo, no con la remodelación tisular.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Ciencias Cardiovasculares Ciencias Cardiovasculares
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ratones transgénicos que sobreexpresan el factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-alfa) en el corazón desarrollan insuficiencia cardíaca.
- Se observan niveles elevados de TNF-alfa en la circulación debido al derrame cardíaco.
- Se sabe que el TNF-alfa causa atrofia y disfunción en los músculos respiratorios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la disfunción del diafragma en ratones transgénicos con sobreexpresión de TNF-alfa con restricción cardíaca.
- Para determinar si las pérdidas de contracción en el diafragma son causadas por estrés oxidativo o remodelación tisular.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio in vitro de tiras de músculo del diafragma de ratones transgénicos y de control.
- Estimulación eléctrica directa para medir la generación de fuerza.
- Medición de los niveles de oxidantes citosólicos mediante microscopía de fluorescencia.
- Evaluación del efecto de la N-acetilcisteína (antioxidante) y el TNF-alfa exógeno.
Principales resultados:
- La generación de fuerza del diafragma se redujo significativamente (47%) en ratones transgénicos en comparación con los controles.
- Se observaron mayores niveles de oxidantes intracelulares en el diafragma de ratones transgénicos.
- El tratamiento con antioxidantes revirtió parcialmente la debilidad contráctil.
- El TNF-alfa exógeno indujo una debilidad similar y un aumento de los oxidantes en ratones de tipo salvaje, que fue inhibido por la N-acetilcisteína.
Conclusiones:
- El TNF-alfa circulante elevado conduce a la disfunción contráctil del diafragma.
- El mecanismo es un efecto endocrino mediado por el estrés oxidativo.
- No se encontró evidencia de lesión muscular o apoptosis, lo que sugiere que el efecto del TNF-alfa es funcional en lugar de estructural.
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